Triptych, August 1972, Francis Bacon
#1 - Triptych, August 1972

FIGURE · BODY · STORY · FROM 1945 TO TODAY

Contemporary representation: 100 essential paintings

When painting still tells the story of the visible world

After 1945, the figure never disappeared. It has moved: vulnerable body in Bacon and Freud, urban life in Neel and Estes, political memory in Golub and Marshall, recomposed identities in Dumas, Akunyili Crosby or Quarles. These hundred paintings show the diversity of this always open history.

100documented paintings
52artists represented
4public collections
1945 - 1975flesh, portraits and new realisms
1975 -2000stories, politics and returns of the figure
2000 -todayidentities, diasporas and global scenes

A plural story

The figure after modernity

Contemporary figuration is neither a single school nor a simple return to realism. It brings together artists who use the body, the portrait, the city and the story to respond to media images, social transformations and debates on representation.

A painted figure is never just a recognizable body: it carries a story of the gaze, the power and the place given to each person in the image.

The journey begins with the School of London and post-war realisms, crosses pop, photorealism and political figurations, then opens to current scenes. The works are directly linked to the notices of the institutions which preserve or document them.

Enter the ranking

One hundred landmarks of contemporary figuration

I
The figure after 1945

Flesh, portrait and everyday life when abstraction seemed to dominate the artistic scene.

Triptych, August 1972, Francis Bacon#1
The figure after 1945 

Triptych, August 1972

Date 1972 Technique Oil paint and sand on 3 canvases Tate Collection 

Painted after the suicide of George Dyer, the triptych makes Bacon's companion appear and then disappear in the shadow of a door; mourning becomes sequence. Bacon encloses the figure in an almost clinical space and transforms the flesh into a place of anguish, desire and mortality.

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Figure with meat, Francis Bacon#2
The figure after 1945 

Figure with meat

Date 1954 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

The pope borrowed from Velazquez is placed in front of a suspended carcass: spiritual authority and animal flesh respond to each other in the same image of decomposition. Bacon encloses the figure in an almost clinical space and transforms the flesh into a place of anguish, desire and mortality.

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Study for a portrait, Francis Bacon#3
The figure after 1945 

Study for a portrait

Date 1952 Technique Oil paint and sand on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Study for a Portrait", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Bacon encloses the figure in an almost clinical space and transforms the flesh into a place of anguish, desire and mortality.

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Young woman with a white dog, Lucian Freud#4
The figure after 1945 

Young woman with a white dog

Date 1951 -1952 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Young Woman with a White Dog", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Freud constructs the presence through long sessions: the thickness of the painting records the fatigue, confidence and resistance of the model.

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Nude portrait, Lucian Freud#5
The figure after 1945 

Nude portrait

Date 1972 -3 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Naked Portrait", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Freud constructs the presence through long sessions: the thickness of the painting records the fatigue, confidence and resistance of the model.

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Standing by the rags, Lucian Freud#6
The figure after 1945 

Standing near the rags

Date 1988 -9 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Standing Near the Rags", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Freud constructs the presence through long sessions: the thickness of the painting records the fatigue, confidence and resistance of the model.

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Head of EOW I, Frank Auerbach#7
The figure after 1945 

EOWI Head

Date 1960 Technique Oil paint on wood Collection Tate 

In "Tête d'EOW I", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Auerbach constantly takes up and scratches the surface; the portrait or the city are born from a physical accumulation rather than a smooth resemblance.

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Towards the workshops, Frank Auerbach#8
The figure after 1945 

Towards the workshops

Date 1990 -1 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Towards the workshops", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Auerbach constantly takes up and scratches the surface; the portrait or the city are born from a physical accumulation rather than a smooth resemblance.

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Man in wheelchair, Leon Kossoff#9
The figure after 1945 

Man in wheelchair

Date 1959 -62 Technique Oil paint on hardboard Collection Tate 

In "Man in a Wheelchair", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Kossoff paints London as a living, heavy and unstable material, where bodies and architecture seem to be subject to the same thrust.

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Flower and fruit stalls, Embankment 1995, Leon Kossoff#10
The figure after 1945 

Flower and fruit stalls, Embankment 1995

Date 1995 Technique Oil paint on hardboard Collection Tate 

In "The Stalls of Flowers and Fruits, Embankment 1995", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Kossoff paints London as a living, heavy and unstable, where bodies and architecture seem subject to the same thrust.

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Deer Park, Michael Andrews#11
The figure after 1945 

The Deer Park

Date 1962 Technique Oil paint on board Collection Tate 

In "The Deer Park", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Andrews transforms an observed scene into a reflection on group belonging, vulnerability and distance between beings.

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Melanie and I swimming, Michael Andrews#12
The figure after 1945 

Melanie and I swimming

Date 1978 -9 Technique Acrylic paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Melanie and I Swimming", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Andrews transforms an observed scene into a reflection on group belonging, vulnerability and the distance between beings.

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Dance, Paula Rego#13
The figure after 1945 

The dance

Date 1988 Technique Acrylic paint on paper on canvas Collection Tate 

In "La Danse", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Rego mixes intimate story, tale and power relations; his figures seem to play a drama of which only they know the rules.

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My Parents, David Hockney#14
The figure after 1945 

My parents

Date 1977 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The father reads attentively while the mother looks at the painter; in the mirror appears a reproduction of Piero della Francesca, a discreet link between family and art history. Hockney simplifies the space and hardens the contours for show that the modern gaze is already shaped by photography, cinema and desire.

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Man in the shower in Beverly Hills, David Hockney#15
The figure after 1945 

Man in the shower in Beverly Hills

Date 1964 Technique Acrylic paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Man in the Shower in Beverly Hills", the figure, setting and material are organized as elements of a situation that remains deliberately open. Hockney simplifies the space and hardens the contours to show that the modern gaze is already shaped by photography, cinema and desire.

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American collectors (Fred and Marcia Weisman), David Hockney#16
The figure after 1945 

American collectors (Fred and Marcia Weisman)

Date 1968 Technique Acrylic on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

American Collectors (Fred and Marcia Weisman) shows a light-skinned man in a suit and glasses standing in profile and a light-skinned woman with chin-length gray hair and wearing a full-length bright-pink dress stand in a courtyard with various sculptures. Between them is a large stone on a plinth, behind them a green abstracted sealed figure, and off to the right a totem pole. Hockney simplifies the space and hardens the contours to show that the modern look already is shaped by photography, cinema and desire.

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On the balcony, Peter Blake#17
The figure after 1945 

On the balcony

Date 1955 -7 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The apparent collage is entirely painted: children, magazine, flag and reproduction of Manet deliberately blur popular culture and museum. Blake treats popular images, badges and collectibles as serious attributes of a contemporary identity.

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Self-portrait with badges, Peter Blake#18
The figure after 1945 

Self-portrait with badges

Date 1961 Technique Oil paint on board Collection Tate 

In "Self-portrait with badges", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Blake treats popular images, badges and collectibles as serious attributes of a contemporary identity.

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Gasthof zur Muldentalsperre, Peter Doig#19
The figure after 1945 

Gasthof zur Muldentalsperre

Date 2000/2002 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Two costumed silhouettes guard an isolated building, taken from an old photograph; the atmosphere hesitates between family memory, travel and story scene. Finger painted from photographs but dissolves their certainty: the image becomes memory, threshold and mental landscape.

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Trace, Jenny Saville#20
The figure after 1945 

Trace

Date 1993 -4 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The body seen from behind bears the marks of underwear that are too tight; Saville reverses the conventions of the nude by showing pressure, weight and vulnerability. Saville enlarges the body to the point of making the flesh a pictorial landscape which contradicts the standards of beauty and mastery.

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II
Portraits, stories and social scenes

The model becomes a historical, psychological and political presence.

Saturday, 10 p.m., Lynette Yiadom-Boakye#21
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Saturday, 10 p.m

Date 2012 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Saturday, 10 p.m.", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Its characters are imaginary; their autonomy removes the black portrait from the obligation to tell an assigned biography or identity.

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Generosity, Lynette Yiadom-Boakye#22
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Generosity

Date 2010 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Generosity", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Its characters are imaginary; their autonomy removes the black portrait from the obligation to tell an assigned biography or identity.

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Little Penguin, Lynette Yiadom-Boakye#23
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Little Penguin

Date 2020 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Little Penguin", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Its characters are imaginary; their autonomy removes the black portrait from the obligation to tell an assigned biography or identity.

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Trouble in Heaven, Cecily Brown#24
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Trouble in paradise

Date 1999 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Trouble in Paradise", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Brown keeps the image on the verge of dissolution: bodies appear and disappear in a subject that cites art history as much as desire.

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Puerto Rican boys from 108th Street, Alice Neel#25
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Puerto Rican boys from 108th Street

Date 1955 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

Two boys occupy the space with an assurance that American painting rarely gave to Puerto Rican children in Neel's neighborhood. Neel refuses idealization: posture, hands and gaze reveal the social position of the model as much as its psychological singularity.

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Andy Warhol, Alice Neel#26
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Andy Warhol

Date 1970 Technique Oil and acrylic on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Warhol, shirtless after the 1968 attack, exposes the scars of the operation; the celebrity portrait becomes an image of fragility. Neel refuses idealization: posture, hands and gaze reveal the social position of the model as much as its psychological singularity.

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Kitty Pearson, Alice Neel#27
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Kitty Pearson

Date 1973 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Kitty Pearson", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Neel refuses idealization: posture, hands and gaze reveal the social position of the model as much as its psychological singularity.

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The Mosquito Net Veranda, Fairfield Porter#28
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

The mosquito net veranda

Date 1964 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

The Screen Porch shows a man sits reading while two children stand on a porch looking towards the garden and an older woman watches. Porter opposes triumphant abstraction with a painting of everyday life where light and family relationships are enough to structure the scene.

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The Garden Path, Fairfield Porter#29
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

The Garden Path

Date 1962 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

The Garden Road shows young girl stands with her blue bicycle on a shaded dirt path toward a distant farmhouse. Porter opposes triumphant abstraction with a painting of everyday life where light and family relationships are enough to structure the scene.

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The Red Smile, Alex Katz#30
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

The red smile

Date 1963 Technique Oil on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Ada's face is framed so closely that her red smile almost becomes a standalone sign; the intimacy of the model meets the scale of advertising. Katz reduces volumes, cuts framing and spreads color; the portrait acquires the immediate presence of a poster without losing its privacy.

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Black suit (Ada), Alex Katz#31
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Black suit (Ada)

Date 1958 Technique Oil on linen Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Black Costume (Ada)", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized like the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Katz reduces volumes, cuts framing and displays color; the portrait acquires the immediate presence of a poster without losing its intimacy.

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Vincent and Tony, Alex Katz#32
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Vincent and Tony

Date 1969 Technique Oil on linen Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Vincent and Tony", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Katz reduces volumes, cuts framing and displays color; the portrait acquires the immediate presence of a poster without losing its intimacy.

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Couple in bed, Philip Guston#33
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Couple in bed

Date 1977 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Couple in Bed shows two figures, one red, one yellow, lying under white sheets with limbs sticking out. With his heavy objects and hooded figures, Guston transforms autobiography into political and moral satire.

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Bad Times, Philip Guston#34
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Bad weather

Date 1970 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Mauvais Temps", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. With its heavy objects and hooded figures, Guston transforms autobiography into political and moral satire.

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Close-up, Philip Guston#35
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Close-up

Date 1969 Technique Acrylic on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Close-Up shows three white ghost-like figures with small black eyes and dashed rectangular patterns against a pale blue background. With its heavy objects and hooded figures, Guston transforms autobiography into political and moral satire.

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Pajama party, Eric Fischl#36
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Pajama party

Date 1983 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Pajama Party", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Fischl depicts the discomforts of the American middle class, especially what plays out between gaze, secrecy and transgression.

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A visit to /A visit to /The Island, Eric Fischl#37
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

A visit to /A visit to /The Island

Date 1983 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Two scenes oppose the island frequented by the privileged and that assigned to Caribbean workers; the montage reveals the social border hidden behind leisure. Fischl depicts the discomforts of the American middle class, especially what plays out between gaze, secrecy and transgression.

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Interrogation II, Leon Golub#38
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Interrogation II

Date 1981 Technique Acrylic on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Life-size figures encircle an exposed body; the absence of decoration prevents the viewer from transforming torture into a distant event. Golub paints power as a bodily relationship: uniforms, gestures and looks make political violence impossible to keep at bay.

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Vietnam II, Leon Golub#39
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Vietnam II

Date 1973 Technique Acrylic paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The very large canvas presents soldiers and civilians in a brutal face-to-face encounter, recalling that the image of war is also a scene of power addressed to the public. Golub paints power as a bodily relationship: uniforms, gestures and looks make political violence impossible to keep at bay.

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White Squadron I, Leon Golub#40
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

White Squadron I

Date 1982 Technique Acrylic on linen, with metal grommets Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Members of a paramilitary squadron advance as if they were overflowing the canvas; their proximity transforms the spectator into a witness directly exposed to intimidation. Golub paints power as a bodily relationship: uniforms, gestures and looks make political violence impossible to keep at bay.

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Family Jules: NNN (No Naked Niggahs), Barkley L. Hendricks#41
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Family Jules: NNN (No Naked Niggahs)

Date 1974 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The title diverts a racist formula from the art world, while the pose of the model precisely refuses the objectification that this formula imposes. Hendricks gives his black models a monumental scale and absolute mastery of their appearance, far from the stereotypes of the official portrait.

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Steve, Barkley L. Hendricks#42
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Steve

Date 1976 Magna technique, acrylic, and oil on linen Whitney Museum of American Art Collection 

The white coat, glasses and vertical silhouette give the model the authority of a fashion icon as much as a ceremonial portrait. Hendricks gives his black models a monumental scale and absolute mastery of their appearance, far from the stereotypes of the official portrait.

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Cold Day on the Mountain, Barkley L. Hendricks#43
Portraits, stories and social scenes 

Cold day on the mountain

Date 2006 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Cold Day on the Mountain", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Hendricks gives his black models a monumental scale and absolute mastery their appearance, far from the stereotypes of the official portrait.

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III
Power, memory and urban culture

Painting confronts collective violence and contemporary mythologies.

Many homes, Kerry James Marshall#44
Power, memory and urban culture 

Many residences

Date 1994 Technique Acrylic on paper mounted on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Three gardeners maintain the lawns of a social housing complex under a banner promising happiness; the scene reveals the gap between public utopia and lived reality. Marshall reinscribes black lives into genres histories of great painting, from the pastoral scene to the historical painting.

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Untitled (London Bridge), Kerry James Marshall#45
Power, memory and urban culture 

Untitled (London Bridge)

Date 2017 Technique Acrylic paint on board Collection Tate 

In "Untitled (London Bridge)", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Marshall reinscribes black lives in the historical genres of great painting, from the pastoral scene to the historical picture.

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Memory IV, Kerry James Marshall#46
Power, memory and urban culture 

Memory IV

Date 1998 Technique Acrylic, glitter, and screenprint on paper on tarpaulin, with metal grommets Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Around a domestic angel, Marshall organizes names and portraits related to the civil rights movement; the private memorial becomes a history painting. Marshall reinscribes black lives into the historical genres of great painting, from the pastoral scene to the historical painting.

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THE TIMES THAY AINT A CHANGING, FAST ENOUGH!, Henry Taylor#47
Power, memory and urban culture 

THE TIMES THAY AINT A CHANGING, FAST ENOUGH!

Date 2017 Technique Acrylic on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Painted after the death of Philando Castile, the work transforms a scene of police violence into an accusation against the slow pace of change. Taylor paints with a nervous economy that connects an individual's portrait to the social and political history that surrounds him.

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Huey Newton, Henry Taylor#48
Power, memory and urban culture 

Huey Newton

Date 2007 Technique Acrylic and collaged photocopies on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Huey Newton shows a man in a beret sits on a throne holding two spears against a newspaper collage backdrop. Taylor paints with a nervous economy that connects an individual's portrait to the social and political history that surrounds him.

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Hollywood Africans, Jean-Michel Basquiat#49
Power, memory and urban culture 

Hollywood Africans

Date 1983 Technique Acrylic and oil stick on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Basquiat lists the names of his friends and racial stereotypes as accounting data; Hollywood becomes a machine for manufacturing and limiting black identities. Basquiat superimposes names, signs and schematic bodies in order to expose the cultural fabrication of fame, race and value.

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"LNAPRK", Jean-Michel Basquiat#50
Power, memory and urban culture 

"LNAPRK"

Date 1982 Technique Acrylic, oil, oil stick, and marker on found paper on canvas and wood, with rope Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Letters, bars and body fragments occupy a support found like traces of an urban wall; writing and painting become the same gesture of speaking. Basquiat superimposes names, signs and schematic bodies in order to expose the cultural fabrication of fame, race and value.

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Sleeping Humanity, Julian Schnabel#51
Power, memory and urban culture 

Sleeping Humanity

Date 1982 Technique Paint and ceramic on panel Collection Tate 

In "Sleeping Humanity", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. The rugged support refuses the transparent image: the figure must struggle with the breaks, the relief and the materiality of the painting.

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Painting for Eli, David Salle#52
Power, memory and urban culture 

Painting for Eli

Date 1983 Technique Acrylic on canvas, wood (diptych) Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Painting for Eli", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Room juxtaposes images which cannot be resolved into a single story; the viewer must measure the contradictions of the media gaze.

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The Brilliant Man, David Salle#53
Power, memory and urban culture 

The Brilliant Man

Date 1982 Technique Oil and acrylic on canvas, two parts Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Splinter Man shows a black-and-white exploding figure stands beside a red scene of a nude person viewing their reflection. Room juxtaposes images that cannot be resolved into a single story; the viewer must measure the contradictions of the media gaze.

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United States, Susan Rothenberg#54
Power, memory and urban culture 

United States

Date 1975 Technique Acrylic paint and tempera on canvas Collection Tate 

The horse, barely more than an outline, crosses a field of paint shared by a vertical line; the animal becomes a measure of emptiness and energy. Rothenberg first reduces the horse then the body to a sign, while retaining the physical energy of the gesture and the surface.

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Holding the ground, Susan Rothenberg#55
Power, memory and urban culture 

Hold the ground

Date 1985 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Holding the Floor shows a lone figure with outstretched arms appears to dance or struggle against strong wind in a field. Rothenberg first reduces the horse then the body to a sign, while retaining the physical energy of the gesture and the surface.

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Back on Earth, Elizabeth Murray#56
Power, memory and urban culture 

Back on Earth

Date 1981 Technique Oil on two canvases Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Back on Earth shows abstract painting with defined sections of green, blue, black, and white on an irregularly shaped canvas. Murray bursts the rectangle: the painting becomes an animated object where domestic forms seem to twist under the pressure of the story.

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Druid, Elizabeth Murray#57
Power, memory and urban culture 

Druid

Date 1979 Technique Oil on shaped canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Druid shows a large green abstract shape overlaps black panels with a yellow rectangle and pink circle. Murray bursts the rectangle: the painting becomes an animated object where domestic forms seem to twist under the pressure of the story.

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The Path to Darkness, Nicole Eisenman#58
Power, memory and urban culture 

The Path to Darkness

Date 2018 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

A procession of figures advances in an uncertain landscape; the humor of social types never erases the idea of a community led towards darkness. Eisenman combines humor, melancholy and scholarly references to describe contemporary communities, solitudes and identities.

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Lemonade stand, Nicole Eisenman#59
Power, memory and urban culture 

Lemonade stand

Date 1994 Technique Acrylic on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Lemonade Stand shows figures in blue tones hold small lanterns while peering toward a bright opening with distant structures. Eisenman combines humor, melancholy and scholarly references to describe contemporary communities, solitudes and identities.

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The Drawing Class, Nicole Eisenman#60
Power, memory and urban culture 

The Drawing Class

Date 2011 Technique Oil and charcoal on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

The workshop room allows Eisenman to replay one of the founding subjects of the academy, but with decidedly contemporary bodies and behaviors. Eisenman combines humor, melancholy and scholarly references to describe contemporary communities, solitudes and identities.

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IV
Bodies, identities and new scenes

Genres, diasporas and affiliations shift the conventions of portraiture.

The Hen and the Egg, Dana Schutz#61
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

The Hen and the Egg

Date 2003 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Chicken and Egg shows a silhouetted figure adjusts a complex telescope against a starry night sky with two large moons. Schutz invents an impossible situation then makes it credible through color and material, between grotesque, anxiety and comedy.

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Bonsai, Lisa Yuskavage#62
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Bonsai

Date 2007 Technique Oil on linen Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Bonsai", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Yuskavage uses the virtuosity of the academic nude to complicate the relationship between fantasy, vulnerability and the male gaze.

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Angel, Lisa Yuskavage#63
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Angel

Date 2004 Technique Oil on linen Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Ange", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Yuskavage uses the virtuosity of the academic nude to complicate the relationship between fantasy, vulnerability and the male gaze.

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Casual cruelty, Christina Quarles#64
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Casual cruelty

Date 2018 Technique Acrylic paint on canvas Collection Tate 

Limbs intersect, intersect and change scale through decorative planes; anatomy becomes the image of an identity difficult to contain. Quarles passes bodies through incompatible planes; this instability reflects identities that refuse fixed categories.

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We knew so little then /I know even less now..., Christina Quarles#65
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

We knew so little then /I know even less now...

Date 2019 Technique Acrylic on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "We knew so little then/I know even less now...", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Quarles passes bodies through incompatible plans; this instability reflects identities which refuse fixed categories.

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Barack, Jordan Casteel#66
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Barack

Date 2020 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Barack shows close-up view of the face of a medium brown-skinned man cupping his chin in his hand, his eyes closed. The brushstrokes are visible and his features are somewhat exaggerated and disproportionate. He is set against a light green background. Casteel constructs his portraits from real encounters and gives the model a social presence as strong as color.

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Portrait of Soukeyna Diouf, Kehinde Wiley#67
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Portrait of Soukeyna Diouf

Date 2022 Technique Oil on linen, with frame Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Portrait of Soukeyna Diouf shows a person in colorful striped clothes stands holding two long poles against a bright floral background. Wiley takes up the heroic pose of the European portrait but entrusts its visual power to contemporary black models.

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If you gave in to the air, you could ride it, Amy Sherald#68
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

If you gave in to the air, you might ride it

Date 2019 Technique Oil on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

If You Surrendered to the Air, You Could Ride It shows a man in an orange hat and striped pants sits calmly on a green steel beam. Sherald suspends realism with his gray skin tones and focuses attention on the subject's outfit, pose and autonomy.

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A certain form of happiness, Amy Sherald#69
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

A certain form of happiness

Date 2022 Technique Oil on linen Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "A Certain Form of Happiness", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Sherald suspends realism with her gray skin tones and focuses attention on the subject's outfit, pose and autonomy.

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Predecessors, Njideka Akunyili Crosby#70
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Predecessors

Date 2013 Technique 2 works on paper, charcoal, acrylic paint, graphite and transfer print Collection Tate 

The family portrait is crossed by transferred images of Nigerian history and domestic culture, as if several generations really shared the same room. Akunyili Crosby superimposes painting and transfers photographic to make diasporic lives visible, made of several places and memories.

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Stay, flourish, Njideka Akunyili Crosby#71
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Stay, flourish

Date 2018 Technique Acrylic paint, transfer print on paper, colored pencil and pastel on paper Collection Tate 

In "Abide, flourish", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Akunyili Crosby superimposes painting and photographic transfers to make diasporic lives visible, made up of several places and memories.

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Blank look, Amoako Boafo#72
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Empty look

Date 2021 Technique Oil paint on paper Collection Tate 

The frontal face and the skin modeled on the finger contradict the title: this silent gaze, on the contrary, imposes a direct encounter. Boafo models the skin directly with the fingers; this tactile surface gives its models a sovereign presence.

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9 p.m., news, Salman Toor#73
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

9 p.m., news

Date 2015 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The green light of a screen brings men together in front of the news; the intimate space is crossed by politics, exile and collective worry. Toor uses a nocturnal palette and a fluid touch to paint queer intimacy, exile and urban sociability.

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The Hairdresser, Salman Toor#74
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

The hairdresser

Date 2021 Technique Oil paint on plywood panel Collection Tate 

In "The Hairdresser", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Toor uses a nocturnal palette and a fluid touch to paint queer intimacy, exile and urban sociability.

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Boy in the room, Salman Toor#75
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Boy in the bedroom

Date 2019 Technique Oil on wood Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Bedroom Boy shows naked man lying on a bed, holding a small lit lighter that sparks above him. Toor uses a nocturnal palette and a fluid touch to paint queer intimacy, exile and urban sociability.

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The Daughters of Olmo II (Die Mädchen von Olmo II), Georg Baselitz#76
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

The Daughters of Olmo II (Die Mädchen von Olmo II)

Date 1981 Technique Oil on canvas Center Pompidou Collection, National Museum of Modern Art 

Inspired by cyclists observed in Italy, the two figures are turned around: their visual fall prevents the motif from being reduced to a picturesque scene. By reversing his figures, Baselitz detaches the motif from the anecdote and forces it to look at painting, its violence and its historical quotes.

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Where is the yellow milk jug, Madame Oiseau?, Georg Baselitz#77
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Where is the yellow milk jug, Madame Oiseau?

Date 1989 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Where is the yellow milk jug, Madame Oiseau?", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized like the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. By reversing his figures, Baselitz detaches the motif from the anecdote and forces you to look at the painting, its violence and its historical quotes.

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The Order of Angels, Anselm Kiefer#78
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

The Order of Angels

Date 1983/84 Technique Oil, emulsion, shellac, straw, and lead on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Angel names are inscribed on a scorched earth crossed by shifty lines; cosmology and devastated landscape become inseparable. Kiefer transforms myths, ruins and poor materials into an investigation into German memory and the catastrophes of history.

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Palette, Anselm Kiefer#79
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Palette

Date 1981 Technique Oil paint, shellac, emulsion, paper and nails on canvas Collection Tate 

The palette, the painter's emblem, hangs above a charred landscape; creating after the disaster becomes the real subject. Kiefer transforms myths, ruins and poor materials into an investigation into German memory and the catastrophes of history.

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Everything comes from the will of the people (Alles geht vom Volke aus), Joerg Immendorff#80
Bodies, identities and new scenes 

Everything comes from the will of the people (Alles geht vom Volke aus)

Date 1976 Technique Acrylic painting on canvas Center Pompidou Collection, National Museum of Modern Art 

In "Everything comes from the will of the people (Alles geht vom Volke aus)", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Immendorff conceives the canvas as a scene politics saturated with symbols, characters and debates about divided Germany.

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V
European memories and expanded realism

Materials, symbols and photographic precision renew the visible world.

The Forest of the World (Weltenwald), Joerg Immendorff#81
European memories and expanded realism 

The Forest of the World (Weltenwald)

Date 1997 - 1999 Technique Oil on canvas Center Pompidou Collection, National Museum of Modern Art 

The title gives the forest motif a political and mythical significance: the natural space becomes the dense place where ideologies and national stories are lost. Immendorff sees the canvas as a political scene saturated with symbols, characters and debates about divided Germany.

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The Big Step, Markus Lüpertz#82
European memories and expanded realism 

The Big Step

Date 1968 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "The Great Step", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Lüpertz treats German history with fragmentary emblems whose monumentality remains deliberately ambiguous.

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Albino, Marlene Dumas#83
European memories and expanded realism 

Albino

Date 1986 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

Albino shows soft pale tones depict a close up of African mandz head. Dumas starts from found images but the liquid paint destabilizes their authority and restores moral disturbance to the face.

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Ivory black, Marlene Dumas#84
European memories and expanded realism 

Ivory black

Date 1997 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The title names a pigment but the painting presents a face: Dumas thus slides the chromatic classification towards the racial categories imposed on bodies. Dumas starts from found images but the liquid paint destabilizes their authority and restores moral disturbance to the face.

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Lucy, Marlene Dumas#85
European memories and expanded realism 

Lucy

Date 2004 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Lucy", the figure, the decoration and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Dumas starts from found images but the liquid paint destabilizes their authority and restores moral disturbance to the face.

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One at a time, Michaël Borremans#86
European memories and expanded realism 

One at a time

Date 2003 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "One at a Time", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Borremans uses the lighting of the old masters to construct enigmatic scenes where obedience, spectacle and unease merge.

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Hospital, Maria Lassnig#87
European memories and expanded realism 

Hospital

Date 1965 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

The figure and medical space are filtered by bodily sensation; painting reflects less a place than a state of dependence and exposure. Lassnig paints the body as it is felt from the inside rather than as it appears in the mirror.

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The Beautiful Blue, Miriam Cahn#88
European memories and expanded realism 

The Beautiful Blue

Date 2008 -2017 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "Le Beau Bleu", the figure, the decor and the material are organized as the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Cahn sometimes reduces the figure to a frontal appearance in order to link physical vulnerability, violence and gaze.

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Man-woman figure and the grenade, Ibrahim El-Salahi#89
European memories and expanded realism 

Man-woman figure and the pomegranate

Date 1966-68 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

The double figure and the pomegranate combine identity, fertility and calligraphic sign without clearly separating body and writing. El-Salahi combines Arabic calligraphy, modernism and body forms to develop a deeply personal Sudanese language.

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They always appear, Ibrahim El-Salahi#90
European memories and expanded realism 

They always appear

Date 1964 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

In "They Always Appear", the figure, the setting and the material are organized as elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. El-Salahi combines Arabic calligraphy, modernism and body forms to develop a deeply personal Sudanese language.

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Woman in a Bath II, Brett Whiteley#91
European memories and expanded realism 

Woman in a Bath II

Date 1963 Technique Oil paint, tempera and canvas on board Collection Tate 

In "Woman in a Bath II", the figure, the setting and the material are organized like the elements of a situation which remains voluntarily open. Whiteley stretches the body and space into sensual arabesques, halfway between observation and graphic energy.

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Secret Spaces, Joan Semmel#92
European memories and expanded realism 

Secret spaces

Date 1976 Technique Oil paint on canvas Collection Tate 

The shortcut to the female body comes from the perspective of the artist herself; proximity and fragmentation replace the pose offered to the viewer. Semmel paints the body from his own point of view and thus moves the story of the nude out of the traditional male gaze.

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Touch, Joan Semmel#93
European memories and expanded realism 

Touch

Date 1975 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Touch shows two nude people lying closely together on a bed with hands remaining on their bodies. Semmel paints the body from his own point of view and thus moves the story of the nude out of the traditional male gaze.

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Nocturne at Ridge Street and Stanton, Martin Wong#94
European memories and expanded realism 

Nighttime at Ridge Street and Stanton

Date 1987 Technique Acrylic paint on canvas Collection Tate 

Bricks, signs and walled windows become an almost heraldic facade; the night city preserves the memory of a threatened neighborhood. Wong transforms Lower East Side architecture into a theater of desire, confinement and community memory.

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Big Heat, Martin Wong#95
European memories and expanded realism 

Big Heat

Date 1986 Technique Acrylic on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Two firefighters kiss in a nighttime setting saturated with bricks and signs; Wong transforms the heroic imagery of the craft into a scene of desire and tenderness. Wong transforms Lower East Side architecture into a theater of desire, confinement and community memory.

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La Confiserie, Richard Estes#96
European memories and expanded realism 

The Confectionery

Date 1969 Technique Oil and acrylic on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Showcases, cars and inscriptions overlap in the reflections; the real street becomes a continuous surface that the eye cannot resolve with a single glance. Estes recomposes several photographs and perspectives; its reflections describe less an objective city than a space impossible to unravel.

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Michigan Avenue with views of the Art Institute, Richard Estes#97
European memories and expanded realism 

Michigan Avenue with views of the Art Institute

Date 1984 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Art Institute of Chicago 

In "Michigan Avenue with a View of the Art Institute", the figure, decor and material are organized as elements of a situation that remains voluntarily open. Estes recomposes several photographs and perspectives; his reflections describe less an objective city than a space impossible to unravel.

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Phil, Chuck Close#98
European memories and expanded realism 

Phil

Date 1969 Technique Acrylic and graphite pencil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Philip Glass' face fills the canvas like a photograph of disproportionate identity; pores and asymmetries nevertheless destroy any illusion of neutrality. Close enlarges photographic information to the point of making the face oscillate between human presence, grid and optical event.

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Madonna, Audrey Flack#99
European memories and expanded realism 

Madonna

Date 1972 Technical Airbrush and oil on linen Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

Flack combines an image of the Virgin with everyday objects and photographic clarity that transforms devotion into meditation on the reproduced images. Flack combines photographic precision and symbols of vanity: the brilliance of objects leads to memory, loss and time.

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Pontiac 61, Robert Bechtle#100
European memories and expanded realism 

Pontiac 61

Date 1968 -1969 Technique Oil on canvas Collection Whitney Museum of American Art 

The family car and the Californian facade form a scene without event; this apparent neutrality becomes the precise portrait of a class and an era. Bechtle paints Californian banality without emphasis and transforms car, facade and light into post-war social memory.

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Frequently asked questions

Questions about contemporary figuration

Some benchmarks to understand the period, its currents and the documentary use of images.

What do we call contemporary figuration?

The expression refers to figurative practices developed after 1945 and until today. It includes portraiture, the social scene, urban realism and deliberately distorted images, without constituting a single movement.

Why do Bacon, Freud and Neel open the course?

They kept the body and portrait at the center of their painting during the decades when abstraction dominated much of the modernist narrative.

Does photorealism belong to this story?

Yes, when he transforms a photograph into a pictorial construction. Estes, Close, Flack and Bechtle show that precision can question the city, identity, memory and consumer images.

Are these paintings available for reproduction?

No. The hundred works are presented for documentary purposes. The images and buttons refer only to the notices of the corresponding museums.

The visible remains to be invented

One hundred ways to bring the figure back

From the wounded body to the sovereign portrait, from the street reflected in a window to the diasporic memories of an interior, these paintings prove that figuration is not the repetition of reality. It is a way of making it questionable, sensitive and shareable.

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