Return of figure, matter and postmodernity

Top 50 neo-expressionist painters: Baselitz, Kiefer, Schnabel and the others

A guide to understanding Baselitz, Kiefer, Schnabel, Clemente, Chia, Cucchi, Basquiat, Dumas, Lassnig, Barcelo and the heirs of expressive painting.

Neo-expressionism put painting back at the center at the end of the 1970s and in the 1980s. After minimalism and conceptual art, it brought back body, history, myth, gesture, material, violence, humor and narration. This Top 50 follows the German and Italian core, the New York scene, Free Figuration and contemporary legacies.

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Georg Baselitz, figure majeure du néo-expressionnisme

Before the grid

Why neo-expressionism brings painting back

Neo-expressionism is less a unique style than a climate: a voluntary return to the canvas, to the visible gesture, to the figure, to the story and to the material. In Germany, he confronts history and memory; in Italy, Transavanguardia reactivates myths; in New York, Basquiat, Schnabel, Fischl and Longo cross streets, media images and postmodernity.

The selection also includes precursors and heirs when their work directly sheds light on this return of the figure: Bacon, Dubuffet, Guston, Dumas, Lassnig, Barcelo, Kentridge and Doig show that pictorial expression goes far beyond the 1980s.

Top 1 to 10

Germany, memory and sudden return of the figure

The first block brings together the major figures: Baselitz, Kiefer, Schnabel, the Italian Transavanguardia and the great German painters.

Ranks 11 to 20

Neue Wilde, New York and urban image

This section follows the wild Berlin painting, Basquiat, Fischl, Rothenberg, Murray, Longo and the return of the dramatic image.

Ranks 21 to 30

Body, precursors and pictorial material

From the grotesque portrait to the bodies of Dumas, Lassnig, Bacon, Dubuffet and Barcelo, the figure once again becomes a surface of conflict.

Ranks 31 to 40

Critical representation and international scenes

British, Congolese and post-Soviet legacies show how pictorial expression becomes narrative, politics and memory.

Ranks 41 to 50

Contemporary heirs and visual culture

The last block expands the movement towards contemporary Germany, sign writing, Japan, China, street art and Kentridge.

Method

How the 50 artists were selected

The selection favors artists associated with neo-expressionism, Transavanguardia, Neue Wilde, Free Figuration and the postmodern return of the figure. She adds some precursors and heirs when their work helps to understand matter, body, image and narrative.

According to the usual rule, artists who died after 1956 or were alive refer to Wikipedia.

Choose an entry

Where to start?

For the historical core, start with Baselitz, Kiefer, Schnabel, Clemente, Chia, Cucchi, Paladino, Penck, Immendorff and Lüpertz. For New York, look at Basquiat, Fischl, Rothenberg, Murray, Longo, Haring and Condo.

To expand, Dumas, Lassnig, Bacon, Dubuffet, Barcelo, Doig, Kentridge, Chéri Samba and Zhang Xiaogang show how the expressive return of the figure becomes global.

Continue

Guides, rankings and references

The painting returns with a bang

Neo-expressionism not only brought back the figure: it restored painting's right to excess, bad taste, history, the body and brutal emotion.

From Baselitz to Kentridge, from Kiefer to Dumas, this Top 50 shows a painting that refuses neutrality: it tells, attacks, smears, quotes, sometimes screams - and this is precisely what still makes it so alive.

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