Modern silk and oil lacquer

Painting vietnamese

One hundred paintings to travel through a century of Vietnamese invention, from the pioneers of Hanoi to contemporary voices, with silk, lacquer, oil and gouache as so many paths towards a singular modernity.

Two young women and a child, painting by Tô Ngọc Vân
Two young women and a childTô Ngọc Vân · 1944
100paintings
62artists
4great mediums
1century of invention

A story of translations

A modernity invented in several voices

Modern Vietnamese painting is not just about the arrival of Western techniques. In Hanoi, the Indochina School of Fine Arts, opened in 1925, became a laboratory where oil and perspective meet silk, lacquer, calligraphic line and much older visual traditions. Nguyễn Phan Chânh, Tô Ngọc Vân, Trần Văn Cẩn or Nguyễn Gia Trí do not choose between two worlds: they make a third.

The wars of the 20th century then moved the workshops, subjects and looks. The intimate portrait rubs shoulders with the memory of burned villages, the streets of Hanoi, the mountains of the North-West and the work scenes. After reunification then the opening of Dổi Moi, painting welcomes more individual experience, abstraction, exile and the contemporary city.

This journey begins with the works that defined this story, then moves towards its ramifications. There we come across lacquer gardens, faces on silk, fields, rains, markets and a few animals which have clearly not been ordered to pose calmly.

Vietnamese painting does not obediently reflect a modernity from elsewhere: it moves it, thickens it and teaches it new colors.
The figure

Portrait, motherhood, solitude and family life give the body an intimate presence, far from the anecdote.

Hanoi

Streets, facades and cafes transform the capital into a sensitive archive of the changes of the century.

The territory

Rice fields, mountains, rivers and villages connect landscape, work and sense of belonging.

Mediums

Silk, lacquer, oil and gouache give each generation another way of organizing light and memory.

The 100 essential Vietnamese paintings

Editorial ranking
I

1 -20

Modern foundations and masterpieces

Hanoi pioneers place silk, lacquer and oil at the heart of a new Vietnamese language.
#001 Two young women and a child, painting by Tô Ngọc Vân

To Ngọc Van

Two young women and a child

Date1944TechniqueOil on canvasFormat101 × 78.4 cmCollectionVietnam National Fine Arts Museum, Hanoi

Two young women absorbed in their silence frame a child sitting in the foreground. Tô Ngọc Vân combines the construction learned at the Indochina School of Fine Arts with soft light, without reducing his models to elegance decorative. The balance of looks and fabrics makes it one of the founding images of modern Vietnamese painting.

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#002 Chơi ô ɪ quan, painting by Nguyễn Phan Chânh

Nguyễn Phan Chanh

Chơi ô ɪ quan

Date1931TechniqueInk and colors on silkCollectionVietnam National Fine Arts Museum

Four young girls play ô ɪ quan, a traditional game whose boxes punctuate the foreground. Presented in Paris in 1931, this silk painting established Nguyễn Phan Chânh's reputation by combining modern composition, earth palette and calm observation of rural life.

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#003 Em Thûy (Little Thûy), painting by Trần Văn Cẩn

Trần Văn Cẩn

Em Thûy (Little Thûy)

Date1943TechniqueOil on canvasCollectionVietnam National Fine Arts Museum

Trần Văn Cẩn paints his niece Thûy sitting on a rattan chair, her gaze direct and her hands wisely brought together. The simplicity of the pose, the clear range and the psychological attention have made this portrait a national treasure of Vietnam.

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#004 Young woman reading Kim Vân Kiều, painting by Mai Trung Thứ

May Trung Thứ

Young woman reading Kim Van Kiều

Date1942TechniqueInk and colors on silk

A young woman reads Kim Vân Kiều, a great poem by Nguyễn Du, in an intimate space reduced to a few elegant lines. Mai Trung Thứ unites the delicacy of silk with Vietnamese literary culture while affirming the style that will make it successful in Paris.

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#005 Young women in a garden, painting by Nguyễn Gia Trí

Nguyễn Gia Tri

Young women in a garden

Datearound 1940TechniqueLacquer

Female silhouettes mingle with trees in a garden rendered in layers of sanded lacquer, gold and color. Nguyễn Gia Trí transforms a medium associated with decorative arts into modern monumental painting, one of the great inventions of the Indochina School.

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#006 Young girl in white, painting by Le Pho

The Pho

Young girl in white

Date1931TechniqueOil on canvasFormat81.0 x 130.0 cm Frame size: 102.0 x 151.0 x 7.0 cm Image size: 81.0 x 130.0 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Painted at the start of Lê Phổ's career, the young woman stands out with almost sculptural restraint. The pose, the shine of the garment and the construction of the face show how the painter adapts academic oil to a sensitivity vietnamese. The work precedes the floral and luminous figures who made it famous in France.

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#007 Mother and child, painting by Lê Thị Lựu

Lê Thị Lựu

Mother and child

Datearound 1960TechniqueInk and gouache on silk

Lê Thị Lựu builds the relationship between mother and child through the inclination of faces and the continuity of fabrics. The first great woman to graduate from the Indochina School, she gave silk painting a modern intimacy that traveled between Hanoi and Paris.

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#008 Two young women, painting by Vũ Cao Dàm

Vũ Cao Dam

Two young women

Datearound 1942TechniqueInk and gouache on silk

Two female figures occupy a bare space where line, clothing and proximity are enough to create the story. Vũ Cao Dam transposes into painting the flexibility acquired as a sculptor and the elegance of the School of Paris.

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#009 Hanoi Street (the pharmacy), painting by Bui Xuan Phai

Bui Xuan Phai

Hanoi Street (pharmacy)

Date1983TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 28.6 x 38.5 cm Frame size: 46.1 x 56.2 cm Object size: 42.9 x 53 cm (Mount)CollectionIstana Art Collection

Bùi Xuân Phaïi narrows Hanoi's old street into an architecture of sloping facades, signs and thick shadows. The material seems worn like the walls it represents; blacks structure a fragile, familiar and city stubbornly alive. This vision has become inseparable from the pictorial memory of the capital.

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#010 The Enemy Burned My Village, painting by Nguyễn Sáng

Nguyễn Sáng

The Enemy burned my village

Date1954TechniqueLacquer

Nguyễn Sáng evokes war through a compact group of survivors, closed faces and dark lacquer-worked material. The work does not show the fire itself: it paints what remains after it, when loss becomes collective memory.

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#011 Ancient dance, painting by Nguyễn Tễ Nghiêm

Nguyễn Tễ Nghiêm

Ancient dance

Datearound 1984TechniqueGouache

Dancers inspired by the sculptures of municipal houses follow one another in a rhythm of profiles, arms and signs. Nguyễn Tễ Nghiêm does not copy ancient art: he puts it back into motion in an immediately Vietnamese modern language.

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#012 Portrait of my mother, painting by Nam Sơn

Nam Sơn

Portrait of my mother

Date1930TechniqueOil on canvas

Nam Sơn represents his mother with a sobriety that brings the family portrait closer to the academic painting learned through contact with Victor Tardieu. Co-founder of the Indochina School of Fine Arts, he affirms here that a Vietnamese model does not need exoticism to fully occupy the canvas.

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#013 Mountain market, painting by Nguyễn Tường Lân

Nguyễn Tường Lan

Mountain market

Datearound 1940TechniqueColors on silk

The mountain market brings together silhouettes, baskets and fabrics in a composition where the crowd retains air. A rare survival of the work of Nguyễn Tường Lân, the painting recalls the diversity of research carried out by the four great masters of the Indochina School.

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#014 Portrait of Phan Văn Du, painting by Lê Văn Miến

Lê Văn Miến

Portrait of Phan Văn Du

Datearound 1907TechniqueOil on canvas

Lê Văn Miến paints Phan Văn Du with the modeling and depth learned in France, but without transforming the Vietnamese notable into colonial curiosity. This portrait is among the first milestones of modern oil painting in Vietnam.

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#015 Landscape of exile, painting by Hàm Nghi

Hàm Nghi

Landscape of exile

Datearound 1900TechniqueOil on canvas

Exiled in Algeria after resisting French colonial power, former emperor Hàm Nghi found in the landscape another way to preserve his freedom. Its sensitive touch and its Mediterranean horizons tell the story of a Vietnamese modernity born far from the country.

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#016 Portrait of my wife, painting by Do Quang Em

Do Quang Em

Portrait of my wife

Date1987TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 99 x 78 cm Frame size: 108 x 89 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Dỗ Quang Em installs his model in a precise light which nevertheless seeks neither photographic effect nor flattery. The face, hands and silence of the background give the portrait an interior duration. Mastery of chiaroscuro here renews a classic genre at the heart of post-war Vietnamese realism.

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#017 Untitled (the tea seller), painting by Nguyen Trung

Nguyen Trung

Untitled (the tea seller)

Date1963TechniqueOil on rice bag canvasFormatImage size: 75.5 x 91 cm Frame size: 77.5 x 93.0 x 3.0 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Painted on a bag of rice, the tea seller transforms the shortage of materials into plastic force. Nguyễn Trung simplifies the body, accessories and space without erasing the social presence of the model. The texture of the support remains visible and inscribes daily life in the very material of the painting.

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#018 Cuối Cùng (The End), painting by Nguyễn Lâm

Nguyễn Lam

Cuối Cùng (The End)

Date1965TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 80.0 x 110.0 cm Frame size: 82.0 x 112.0 x 3.0 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

A tense figure and an almost closed space give this painting by Nguyễn Lâm a rare existential intensity. The artist breaks with the heroic narrative to make the surface a place of anguish, color and condensation. This work from 1965 announces the personal paths followed by the modernity of the South.

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#019 Young smiling girl, painting by Dao Sĩ Chu

Dao Sĩ Chu

Young smiling girl

Datearound 1955TechniqueOil on canvas

The smile of the model and the frankness of the colors give this young woman a presence far removed from the ceremonial portrait. Dao Sĩ Chu, painter and critic, defended a Vietnamese modernity capable of absorbing Paris without losing its own tone.

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#020 Indomitable landscape, painting by Lê Ba Dảng

Lê Ba Dảng

Indomitable landscape

Datearound 1980TechniqueMixed media

Lê Ba Dảng constructs a landscape seen both from the sky and from the interior, made of reliefs, voids and almost calligraphic signs. Space becomes a memory of exile where Vietnam, France and abstraction cease to respect the usual borders.

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II

21 -40

War, memory and territories

Painting accompanies movements, losses, resistance and landscapes which still carry their history.
#021 Memory of an afternoon in the North-West, painting by Phan Kế An

Phan Kế An

Memory of an afternoon in the North-West

Datearound 1950TechniqueLacquer

The Northwest Mountains emerge in bands of color and superimposed depths rather than Western perspective. Phan Kế An transforms a travel memory into a national landscape, with lacquer to give the distance an almost tactile density.

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#022 Young woman from Huế, painting by Bội Trân

Bội Tran

Young woman from Huế

Datearound 2000TechniqueLacquer

A young woman from Huế appears in a silent space where clothing, flowers and lacquer make up a restrained elegance. Bội Trân extends the tradition of Vietnamese female portraiture without making it a docile postcard.

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#023 Mother's Heart, painting by Do Son

Do Son

Mother's heart

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 94.5 x 134 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Facing a wall of portraits, a mother silently measures the human cost of war. Dỗ Sơn contrasts the heaviness of mourning with light colors and the presence of a child, a sign of possible continuity. The composition transforms the family memory in collective history without sacrificing individual emotion.

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#024 Underwater, painting by Tran Luong

Tran Luong

Underwater

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 90 x 120 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Trần Lương immerses the eye in a world of floating shapes, eyes and unstable creatures. The memory of the ponds of his childhood during the war becomes a pictorial space where observation, fear and imagination merge. Oil maintains the fluidity of the pattern while giving the painting an almost mental depth.

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#025 The Boy's Evening, painting by Dang Xuan Hoa

Dang Xuan Hoa

The Boy's Evening

DateUndatedTechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 88.8 x 198.5 cm Frame size: 90 x 199.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

A boy works under a small light source while domestic objects squeeze into a blue interior. Dặng Xuân Hocha organizes the scene by silhouettes, angles and reflections, without losing the fragility of the moment. The daily becomes a theater of memory, characteristic of the pictorial revival of Hanoi.

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#026 Afternoon in the countryside, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Afternoon in the countryside

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 87.5 x 119.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Hà Trí Hiếu brings together rural figures, beasts and architecture in a range of lands, yellows and greens. The deliberately simplified shapes give the memory a clarity of emblem without freezing it. This countryside has since been rebuilt memory reveals the decisive place of nostalgia in the painting of Dổi Moi.

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#027 Rainwater, even salty, is not silent, painting by Tran Trong Vu

Tran Trong Vu

Rainwater, even salty, is not silent

Datec.2000TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 120 x 80 cm eachCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Trần Trọng Vũ makes rain a material loaded with memory, dense enough to blur the line between landscape and story. The title transforms salt water into a witness: what falls from the sky retains a voice, even when history would prefer silence.

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#028 The Dictator, painting by Le Quang Ha

The Quang Ha

The Dictator

Date2007TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 209.0 x 255.5 x 8.0 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

The Quang Ha distorts the face and posture of the Dictator to the point of making his authority waver. Political power here takes on the appearance of a nervous mask, trapped in a matter that refuses to remain well disciplined.

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#029 A Half-Life 2, painting by Ha Manh Thang

Ha Manh Thang

A half-life 2

Date2008TechniqueOil on canvasFormatFrame size: H:111.5 x W:201 x D:4 cm Image size: 110 x 199.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Hà Mạnh Thắng organizes A Half-Life 2 as an incomplete assessment, crossed by forms which appear then disappear. The table does not summarize an existence: rather it shows how time moves its benchmarks.

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#030 Bản Nhạc Dỏ (The Red Song), painting by Do Minh Tam

Do Minh Tam

Bản Nhạc Dỏ (The Red Song)

Date1998TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 160 x 40 cm eachCollectionSingapore Art Museum

In The Red Song, Dỗ Minh Tâm makes color a rhythm before making it a symbol. The reds lead figures and space in the same pulsation, between collective momentum and historical anxiety.

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#031 Young Girl in a Hat, painting by Bui Xuan Phai

Bui Xuan Phai

Young Girl in Hat

Date1984TechniqueOil on panelFormatImage size: 27.3 x 21 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Bùi Xuân Phaïi concentrates Young girl with a hat on her face, the dark edge of the headgear and the restraint of the pose. The intimacy of the portrait reminds us that the street painter of Hanoi also knew how to build a presence with very little decoration.

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#032 Human Objects No. 12, painting by Dang Xuan Hoa

Dang Xuan Hoa

Human Objects No. 12

Date1992TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 80 x 100 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Human objects no. 12 mix bodies, furniture and domestic memories in a deliberately unstable space. Dặng Xuân Hocha paints things as partners of memory: they surround the figure, extend it and sometimes almost steal the spotlight.

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#033 Self-portrait in the moonlight, painting by Nguyen Quan

Nguyen Quan

Self-portrait in the moonlight

Date1992TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 80 x 74.8 cm Frame size: H86 x W80.5 x D4 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Under the moonlight, Nguyễn Quân treats his own face as an apparition rather than an identity card. The shadows shift the lines and give the self-portrait the fragility of an encounter with oneself.

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#034 The Buffalo Guardians, painting by Nguyen Xuan Tiep

Nguyen Xuan Tiep

The Buffalo Guardians

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 85 x 120 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Nguyễn Xuân Tiệp represents buffalo keepers in a landscape where childhood, animals and rural work share the same rhythm. The scene avoids decorative pastoral care by letting solitude and expanse weigh on the small figures.

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#035 Landscape, painting by Tran Luu Hau

Tran Luu Hau

Landscape

Date1989TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 74 x 93 cm Frame size: 102 x 111 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Trần Lưu Hậu frees the landscape from precise description to let color reconstruct reliefs, trees and depth. Its energetic touch keeps the feeling of the place without locking it into a textbook geography.

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#036 Three Women, painting by Nguyen Phuoc

Nguyen Phuoc

Three women

Date1981TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 132 x 105 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Three Women by Nguyễn Phưoc is based on the differences in posture, silences and color relationships between the figures. Their proximity does not automatically create a conversation: it leaves it to the eye to guess its nature.

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#037 Musician and lotus, painting by Bui Suoi Hoa

Bui Suoi Hoa

Musician and lotus

Date1992TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 79 x 99.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Bùi Suối Hoa associates the musician with the lotus, two motifs linked by the same movement of concentration. The melody remains invisible, but the gestures, lines and calm of the flower give it a space to resonate.

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#038 July Rains, painting by Do Son

Do Son

July rains

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 79.5 x 100 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

In July Rains, Dỗ Sơn thickens the air, darkens distances and lets the water change the rhythm of the landscape. The monsoon is not a curtain added to the decor: it becomes the real subject of the painting.

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#039 Cockfighting, painting by Tran Trong Vu

Tran Trong Vu

Cockfight

Date1989TechniqueOil on paperFormatImage size: 26.6 x 49.5 cm Frame size: 46.7 x 69.5 cm (M)CollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Trần Trọng Vũ transforms cockfighting into a clash of lines, feathers and circular tensions. The popular energy of the motif remains, but the scene is especially valuable for the way in which the two animals magnetize the entire surface.

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#040 Back, painting by Dang Xuan Hoa

Dang Xuan Hoa

Back

Date1987TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 100 x 120 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Return of Dặng Xuân Hoam brings together characters and objects in an interior full of waiting. The title not only says that a person returns: it measures everything in the house and memory that continued to exist during their absence.

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III

41 -60

Dổi Moi: the return of the individual

From the 1980s, the workshop once again became a place of intimacy, experimentation and personal freedom.
#041 Road to Tây Bắc, painting by Nguyen Quan

Nguyen Quan

Road to Tây Bắc

Date1986TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: H119.5 x D79 cm Image size: H125 x W80 cm (Canvas)CollectionNational Gallery Singapore

The Road to Tây Bễc by Nguyễn Quân crosses a mountainous territory associated with the movements, battles and encounters of the North-West. The windings of the path organize a passing painting where the landscape retains the imprint of history.

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#042 Houses by the river, painting by Bui Suoi Hoa

Bui Suoi Hoa

Houses by the river

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 80 x 99.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Bùi Suối Hoa lines up the houses by the river without separating them from their reflections and the humidity of the landscape. The water gives the village its breath, while reminding us how a bank is both a residence and a passage.

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#043 The Return, painting by Nguyen Xuan Tiep

Nguyen Xuan Tiep

The return

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 136.5 x 196.4 cm Object size: 144.7 x 208 cm (Border)CollectionSingapore Art Museum

The Return of Nguyễn Xuân Tiệp depicts the moment when a journey ends without the experience of departure disappearing. The gestures retained and the space between the characters give more weight to the reunion than a sentimental demonstration.

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#044 Heroic mother - three departures of her children, painting by Vo Xuong

Vo Xuong

Heroic mother - three departures of her children

Date1999TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 81 x 59.2 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

In Heroic Mother, V¢ Xương follows three successive departures from the point of view of the one who remains. The official story of the sacrifice thus gives way to family time, made of waiting, separation and courage without fanfare.

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#045 Uncle Ho VIsiting the Battlefied in Hoa Binh, painting by Vo Xuong

Vo Xuong

Uncle Ho VIsiting the Battlefied in Hoa Binh

Date1982TechniqueOil on canvasFormatFrame size: H109.5 x W80.5 x D3.5 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

V¢ Xương represents Hê Chí Minh visiting Hocha Bikh's front as close as possible to the fighters and the field. The scene constructs an image of command through presence and listening rather than monumental distance.

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#046 Battlefield in Phuoc Long, painting by Vo Xuong

Vo Xuong

Battlefield in Phuoc Long

DateDate not specifiedTechniqueOil on canvasFormatFrame size: 0 x 0 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

Battlefield in Phuoc Long brings together disrupted terrain, fighters and traces of violence in a composition where nothing seems stable. VÆ Xương paints the battle as a lived experience, far from a neatly arranged military panorama.

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#047 The War at the Border of Southeast, painting by Vo Xuong

Vo Xuong

The War at the Border of Southeast

DateDate not specifiedTechniqueOil on paperFormatImage size: 64 x 94.2 cmCollectionNational Gallery Singapore

The War at the Border of Southeast addresses border conflict through its movements, ruptures and uncertainty of the terrain. At VÆ Xương, history painting remains attached to bodies moving into a space larger than themselves.

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#048 Memory, painting by Vu Dung

Seen Dung

Memory

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 65.2 x 85 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Memory of Vũ Dũng superimposes shapes and traces as if the past returned in fragments rather than in order. The composition accepts the gaps: they are precisely the place where the memory becomes painting.

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#049 Wife and husband, painting by Vu Dung

Seen Dung

Wife and husband

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 65 x 85 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Vũ Dũng places wife and husband in a proximity that reveals both common habits and inner distances. The couple is neither symbol nor anecdote; it becomes a careful study of two presences sharing the same space.

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#050 Father and daughter, painting by Bui Suoi Hoa

Bui Suoi Hoa

Father and daughter

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 65 x 85 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

In Father and Daughter, Bùi Suối Hoa builds tenderness through body positions and the direction of gaze. The family relationship can be read without spectacular gesture, in this economy of signs which makes intimacy credible.

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#051 Yellow harmony, painting by Do Son

Do Son

Yellow harmony

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 79 x 99.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Yellow harmony of Dỗ Sơn lets a luminous range connect the shapes instead of isolating them. Yellow acts in turn as light, matter and climate, giving the composition a unity that does not erase its tensions.

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#052 Young Girls of the Country, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Young Girls of the Country

Date1992TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 64.5 x 85 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Hà Trí Hiếu paints young girls from the countryside with simplified silhouettes and a palette close to the earth. The scene belongs to rural memory as much as to observation, which prevents it from being reduced to a nice break from the city.

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#053 Singers of the day, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Singers of the day

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 129.5 x 140 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Singers of the day bring together voices, faces and gestures in a clear light. Hà Trí Hiếu translates the music through the rhythm of the figures, as if the composition had to keep measure while the canvas, reasonably, refrains from singing.

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#054 Singers of the Night, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Night singers

Date1994TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 129.8 x 140 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Singers of the Night takes up the musical motif in a tighter atmosphere, where bodies emerge from the shadows. The difference with the daytime version is as much due to the silence between the voices as to the darkened colors.

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#055 Night, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Night

Date1992TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 87.7 x 119.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

In Night, Hà Trí Hiếu reduces the landmarks and lets the dark masses modify the perception of distances. A few bright accents are enough to keep the scene awake, without transforming the darkness into a simple black background.

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#056 Young Peasant Woman with a Red Cow, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Young Peasant with a red cow

Date1997TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 36.1 x 55.1 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

The young peasant girl and the red cow occupy the same world of simplified shapes and bold colors. Hà Trí Hiếu gives rural work a familiar presence, while the red animal very effectively prevents the scene from becoming shy.

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#057 Self-Portrait V, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Self-Portrait V

Date1997TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 41.8 x 32 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Self-Portrait V continues Hà Trí Hiếu's examination of his own face across multiple states. Here, the pose and the material favor a moving identity rather than a definitively ironed official image.

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#058 Self Portrait II, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Self Portrait II

Date1997TechniqueOil on panelFormatImage size: 24.5 x 36 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

In Self Portrait II, Hà Trí Hiếu modifies the relationship between face, background and gaze to experience another distance from himself. The series thus becomes a visual diary where each painting somewhat contradicts the previous one.

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#059 Self Portrait III, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Self Portrait III

Date1997TechniqueOil on panelFormatImage size: 35.9 x 24.4 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Self Portrait III further focuses attention on the painter's features and physical presence. Differences in color and style prevent repetition: the same model arrives with a different pictorial mood.

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#060 Self-Portrait I, painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Self-Portrait I

Date1997TechniqueOil on panelFormatImage size: 33.6 x 24.2 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Self-Portrait I sets the starting point for a series where Hà Trí Hiếu treats himself as an available subject, but never entirely docile. The frontal gaze does not provide an answer; rather, it opens the investigation.

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IV

61 -80

Cities, countryside and seasons

Streets, rice fields, gardens and rains transform everyday life into a sensitive archive of a country in motion.
#061 Self Portrait IV (Man with cows), painting by Ha Tri Hieu

Ha Tri Hieu

Self Portrait IV (Man with cows)

Date1997TechniqueOil on panelFormatImage size: 24.6 x 36.1 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Self Portrait IV associates the artist with the cows that populate his rural imagination. The self-portrait thus extends beyond the single face to include a mental landscape, pets and the memory of the countryside.

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#062 Human Face I, painting by Nguyen Quan

Nguyen Quan

Human face I

Date1993TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 89.5 x 119.5 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Nguyễn Quân constructs Human Face I as a frontal presence where the features seem to go back from a memory older than the portrait. The colors retained and the material make the face a mental territory rather than a simply recognizable identity.

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#063 Untitled, painting by Tran Van Thao

Tran Van Thao

Untitled

Date1992TechniqueOil on paperFormatImage size: 69.5 x 89.9 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Tran Van Thao organizes Untitled around forms that hesitate between figure, sign and domestic space. This voluntary indecision reflects a generation for which abstraction serves less to escape reality than to move its boundaries.

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#064 Childhood on the street, painting by Dang Xuan Hoa

Dang Xuan Hoa

Childhood on the street

Date2008TechniqueOil on canvasFormatImage size: 150 x 300 cmCollectionSingapore Art Museum

Children occupy the street with a freedom that Dang Xuan Hoa paints without sweet nostalgia. Bodies, objects and facades compose a dense urban memory, crossed by the energy of a childhood which creates its own playground.

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#065 The Season of Pomegranates, painting by An Dang

An Dang

Pomegranate Season

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*140cm | 31.5 inches*55.1 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

An Dang brings together open fruits, foliage and deep reds in The Season of Pomegranates. Still life becomes a sensitive calendar: maturity, abundance and fragility can be read in the shiny skin even before the fruit is shared.

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#066 Morning mist by the lake, painting by Dang Dinh Ngo

Dang Dinh Ngo

Morning mist by the lake

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*80cm | 31.5 inches*31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dang Dinh Ngo lets the lake emerge from a mist that erases the boundaries between water, shore and sky. The few dark accents prevent the landscape from disappearing completely and give the morning the slowness of a returning memory.

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#067 Light in the garden, painting by Dang Vu Ha

Dang Vu Ha

Light in the garden

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat40cm*60cm | 15.7 inches*23.6 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

In Light in the Garden, Dang Vu Ha fragments foliage and gaps in the sun into a moving mosaic. The garden is not described plant by plant: it is reconstructed by the sensation of moving forward under the branches.

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#068 Nude 2, painting by Dao Anh Khanh

Dao Anh Khanh

Nude 2

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat30cm*40cm | 12 inches*16 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dao Anh Khanh treats the nude as a tension between body, void and pictorial gesture. Nude 2 avoids academic pose by letting the material interrupt the contours, as if the figure appeared at the same rhythm as the painting.

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#069 Late afternoon, painting by Dau Quang Toan

Dau Quang Toan

Late afternoon

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat126cm*126cm | 49.6 inches*49.6 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dau Quang Toan stretches the shadows and softens the colors to capture that moment when the day loses its sharpness. Late afternoon relies on a descending light that transforms ordinary shapes without imposing a narrative on them.

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#070 White lotus 05, painting by Dinh Dong

Dinh Dong

White lotus 05

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat96cm*84cm | 38 inches*33 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dinh Dong's white lotus stands out in small differences in light rather than in spectacular contrast. The flower, charged with spiritual meanings in Vietnam, remains here an organism observed before becoming a symbol.

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#071 Autumn Street VII, painting by Giap Van Tuan

Giap Van Tuan

Autumn Street VII

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*179.5cm | 39.4 inches*70.7 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Giap Van Tuan built Autumn Street VII with facades, trees and roadway taken from the same warm range. The city seems momentarily slowed down, as if the season had negotiated a truce with traffic.

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#072 Fallen horse, painting by Ha Huy Hiep

Ha Huy Hiep

Fallen horse

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat60cm*80cm | 23.6 inches*31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Ha Huy Hiep shows the horse on the ground, a vulnerable mass which contradicts the heroic image of the steed. The fall imposes a sudden stop on the eye and transforms the animal into a subject of fatigue, violence and compassion.

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#073 Native land, painting by Hoang A Sang

Hoang A Sang

Native land

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*120cm | 31.5 inches*47.2 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Hoang A Sang brings together landscape, house and familiar signs in native Earth without looking for an exact topography. Color rather organizes an emotional geography, made up of places that memory brings together even when they are far away.

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#074 Little Cat I, painting by Khong Do Duy

Khong Do Duy

Little Cat I

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat40cm (Diameter) | 15.7 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Little Cat I isolates the animal in a space where attention to the ears, paws and gaze avoids the cute anecdote. Khong Do Duy gives the little body a vigilance that makes the surrounding silence its true territory.

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#075 Purple Burst III, painting by La Ba Quan

The Ba Quan

Purple Burst III

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*80cm | 39.4 inches*31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Purple Burst III crosses the surface in purple masses and rapid directions. The Ba Quan transforms the wind into a colorful event: it is not represented, but its effects seem to move each shape.

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#076 Spring is Coming, painting by Lam Duc Manh

Lam Duke Manh

Spring is coming

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*120cm | 39.3 inches*47.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Lam Duc Manh announces spring with clearer light, shoots and a space that begins to circulate again. The renewal remains modest and concrete, without forcing the season to arrive accompanied by a parade of flowers.

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#077 Burning Flame VIII, painting by Lam Xung

Lam Xung

Burning flame VIII

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*80cm | 31.5 inches* 31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

In Burning Flame VIII, Lam Xung superimposes reds, blacks and yellows until heat is given depth. The series treats fire as an unstable pictorial material, both creative energy and threat.

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#078 Portrait 09, painting by Mai Huy Dung

Mai Huy Dung

Portrait 09

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat110cm*160cm | 43 inches*63 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Mai Huy Dung reduces Portrait 09 to a few decisions of outline, light and gaze. The absence of context focuses attention on the person without claiming that their character can be summed up by a well-chosen accessory.

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#079 Descending Twilight, painting by Minh Chinh

Minh Chinh

Descending twilight

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat150cm*100cm | 59.1 inches*39.4 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Minh Chinh's twilight descends in layers of color that gradually absorb the details of the landscape. A few lines still resist, giving the passage towards night a structure rather than a simple darkening.

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#080 Singers of Quan họ II, painting by Ngo Duc Hoang

Ngo Duke Hoang

Singers of Quan họ II

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat90cm*90cm | 35.4 inches*35.4 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Ngo Duc Hoang represents the singers of quan họ in a relationship of voices, costumes and shared gestures. The painting makes this tradition of Bắc Ninh visible without freezing the performers in a folkloric demonstration.

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V

81 -100

Contemporary pluralities

Portrait, abstraction and landscape continue the story without claiming that a single school can speak for all of Vietnam.
#081 Spring meeting, painting by Nguy Dinh Ha

Nguy Dinh Ha

Spring meeting

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*100cm | 39.4 inches*39.4 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Spring meeting brings together the characters of Nguy Dinh Ha in a space animated by reunion and color. The distances between bodies tell as much as faces: everyone arrives with their own way of entering the party.

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#082 Perfumes and colors of spring, painting by Nguyen Dinh Duy Quyen

Nguyen Dinh Duy Quyen

Perfumes and colors of spring

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat140cm*85cm | 55.1 inches*33.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Nguyen Dinh Duy Quyen combines flowers, suggested scents and new colors to evoke Tết. Spring is built as a complete sensory experience, even if the painting must naturally let the perfume work without it.

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#083 Spring Street, painting by Nguyen Hong Giang

Nguyen Hong Giang

The Street of Spring

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat109cm*96cm | 42.9 inches*37.8 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Nguyen Hong Giang's Spring Street circulates the gaze between new trees, facades and passers-by. Seasonal renewal does not replace the city: it modifies it in small touches, in terms of colors and rhythm.

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#084 Bright Street XI, painting by Nguyen Phan Bach

Nguyen Phan Bach

Brilliant Street XI

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat90cm*90cm | 35.4 inches*35.4 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Nguyen Phan Bach pushes the yellows and reds of Bright Street XI to the point of making urban traffic a pulsation. The architecture serves as a measure of this light which seems to want to go beyond the limits of the neighborhood.

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#085 Saigon's People Committee Office, painting by Pham Hoang Minh

Pham Hoang Minh

Saigon's People Committee Office

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat89cm*119cm | 35 nches*46.8 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Pham Hoang Minh paints Saigon City Hall as an urban landmark caught in contemporary light. Colonial architecture is not isolated from the city: passers-by, trees and traffic place it in an active Vietnamese present.

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#086 Scent of rice, painting by Tran Nam

Tran Nam

Rice scent

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat60cm*90cm | 23.6 inches*35.4 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Tran Nam makes ripe rice, agricultural gestures and warm air elements of the same landscape. The scent of rice reminds us that the harvest is viewed with the eyes, but is also memorized by a smell that the canvas should only suggest.

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#087 Hidden in the bushes, painting by Tran Viet Thuc

Tran Viet Thuc

Hidden in the bushes

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat70cm*70cm | 27.5 inches*27.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Shapes appear behind the foliage of Tran Viet Thuc without giving themselves up entirely. Hidden in the bushes organizes the pleasure of seeing and losing sight, transforming the vegetation into a living curtain.

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#088 The White Clouds Embrace Spring, painting by Vu Manh Tan

Seen Manh Tan

The White Clouds embrace spring

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat40cm*40cm | 15.7 inches*15.7 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Vu Manh Tan brings together white clouds, reliefs and spring light in an ascending composition. The landscape seems to breathe upward, giving the title its embrace without the need to draw arms in the sky.

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#089 Harvest season, painting by Dang Dinh Ngo

Dang Dinh Ngo

Harvest season

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat42cm*55cm | 16.5 inches*21.6 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dang Dinh Ngo paints the harvest by the repetition of gestures, the warmth of the fields and the accumulation of sheaves. Collective work gives its structure to the landscape, far from a countryside simply available for walking.

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#090 Winter sun, painting by Dang Vu Ha

Dang Vu Ha

Winter sun

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat150cm*70cm | 59.1 inches*27.6 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

The Dang Vu Ha Winter Sun passes through a cold atmosphere without dissolving it. Its low light cuts branches and surfaces with a precision that makes the season less gray than attentive.

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#091 Nude 1, painting by Dao Anh Khanh

Dao Anh Khanh

Nude 1

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat30cm*40cm | 12 inches*16 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Nude 1 by Dao Anh Khanh places the figure in a field of material and gestures that refuse the closed outline. The body exists in fragments, present enough to resist and open enough to share space with painting.

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#092 Street III, painting by Dau Quang Toan

Dau Quang Toan

Street III

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*100cm | 39.3 inches*39.3 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Dau Quang Toan built Street III by facade plans, voids and passages rather than by descriptive perspective. This simplification maintains the rhythm of the neighborhood and allows color to play the role usually given to details.

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#093 Summer color 10, painting by Dinh Dong

Dinh Dong

Summer color 10

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat50cm*86cm | 20 inches*34 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Summer Color 10 accumulates greens, yellows and hot areas until the density of the air is felt. Dinh Dong paints less of a place than a season arriving at full power, when even the shadow appears warm.

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#094 Autumn Street V, painting by Giap Van Tuan

Giap Van Tuan

Autumn Street V

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat138cm*138cm | 54.3 inches*54.3 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

In Rue d'Automne V, Giap Van Tuan tightens the city around trees and facades won over by red tones. The series follows variations of the same motif like we find a street whose mood changes before its address.

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#095 Heavenly Courier, painting by Ha Huy Hiep

Ha Huy Hiep

Heavenly courier

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*120cm | 31.5 inches*47.2 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

The Heavenly Courier of Ha Huy Hiep combines the energy of the horse with mythical stories and popular signs. The animal does not cross an ordinary landscape: its course itself constructs the space that surrounds it.

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#096 Love, painting by Hoang A Sang

Hoang A Sang

Love

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat60cm*80cm | 23.6 inches*31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Hoang A Sang treats Love without a universal symbol ready to use, relying on proximity, looks and restraint of gestures. The relationship remains precise while leaving the viewer with the part of the story that the characters keep to themselves.

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#097 Purple Burst II, painting by La Ba Quan

The Ba Quan

Purple Burst II

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat100cm*80cm | 39.4 inches*31.5 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Purple Burst II takes the wind as a deformation force, but tightens the masses more than the third painting in the series. The Ba Quan varies the pattern without copying its interior weather.

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#098 Autumn sun in the street, painting by Lam Duc Manh

Lam Duke Manh

Autumn sun on the street

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat90cm*100cm | 35.4 inches*39.3 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Lam Duc Manh slides the autumn sun across the facades and the roadway, giving the street oblique clarity. The daily scene becomes a study of brief time where light suddenly brings colors together.

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#099 Burning Flame VII, painting by Lam Xung

Lam Xung

Burning flame VII

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat80cm*50cm | 31.5 inches* 19.6 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Burning Flame VII pushes the red forms towards an almost organic expansion. In Lam Xung, fire remains neither a focus nor an identifiable fire: it becomes a movement which consumes the distinction between background and subject.

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#100 Portrait 16, painting by Mai Huy Dung

Mai Huy Dung

Portrait 16

DateContemporary workTechniqueOil on canvasFormat150cm*150cm | 59 inches*59 inchesCollectionNguyen Art Gallery, Hanoi

Portrait 16 of May Huy Dung differs from the ninth portrait by a more closed construction and a different relationship between face and background. The series shows that painting a person is not just about changing the number on the door.

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Historical landmarks

From Hanoi to an international scene

The Indochina School of Fine Arts structures modern education, but its artists quickly invent unique paths. The 1940s brought to light works where formal elegance rubbed shoulders with a more acute awareness of history. The Indochina War, the division of the country and then the American conflict brought artists and institutions into very different contexts in the North and the South.

After reunification, official cadres remained powerful, while the 1980s saw a growing need for personal expression. Dổi Moi accompanies the opening of workshops, galleries and international exchanges. In the in the following decades, Vietnamese painting refused uniformity: attentive realism, expressionism, abstraction, memorial landscape and symbolic figuration coexist.

1925 - 1945Hanoi School

The oil is rooted in an emerging Vietnamese modernity.

1945 - 1954Independence

Painting accompanies revolution, displacement and resistance.

1954 - 1975Two scenes

North and South develop distinct institutions and sensitivities.

1975 - 1986Reunification

Reconstruction, collective memory and realism dominate the landscape.

1986 -todayDổi Moi

Privacy, city, abstraction and international circulation are multiplying.

One hundred paintings, much more than a single modernity

From silent silk to the nervous streets of Hanoi, these works tell an art that transforms history into material, color and presence.

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