Wassily Kandinsky (1866–1944) is a Russian-German painter and theorist, a pioneer of abstract art, known for his vibrant compositions where colors and shapes seek to translate the music of emotions.

Piet Mondrian (1872–1944) is a Dutch painter, a major figure of neoplasticism, famous for his grids of black lines and his flat areas of primary colors that aim for universal harmony and radical abstraction.

Kazimir Malevitch (1879–1935) is a Russian painter and theorist, founder of Suprematism, known for his pure geometric forms and his famous Black Square, a symbol of radical abstraction freed from any representation.

Jackson Pollock (1912–1956) is an American painter, a central figure of abstract expressionism, famous for his dripping technique, which makes the act of painting a physical and gestural experience.

Mark Rothko (1903–1970) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, known for his vast fields of layered color, designed as meditative spaces aimed at an intense emotional and spiritual experience.

Paul Klee (1879–1940) is a Swiss-German painter, a member of the Bauhaus, known for his poetic language blending abstraction and figuration, where signs, colors, and rhythms convey a deep reflection on artistic creation.

Joan Miró (1893–1983) is a Spanish painter, sculptor, and ceramist, close to surrealism, whose poetic and playful work combines signs, organic forms, and bright colors to create a free and dreamlike universe.

Barnett Newman (1905–1970) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, a figure of color field painting, known for his large colored surfaces crossed by vertical lines called zips, exploring the sublime and transcendence.

Yves Klein (1928–1962) is a major French artist of New Realism, famous for his exploration of monochrome, particularly the IKB blue, and for his performances and conceptual works questioning the immaterial and the infinite.

Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968) is a major French artist of modern art, a pioneer of conceptual art and Dadaism, famous for his ready-mades that challenge the very definition of a work of art.

Hilma af Klint (1862–1944) is a visionary Swedish artist, a pioneer of abstract art, whose works blend symbolism, geometry, and spirituality to explore invisible and mystical dimensions.

Sonia Delaunay (1885–1979) is a French-Ukrainian artist, a major figure of Orphism, known for her bold use of color and for extending abstraction to painting, textiles, fashion, and decorative arts.

Robert Delaunay (1885–1941) is a French painter, co-founder of Orphism, known for his abstract compositions based on color and light, inspired by movement, modernity, and urban dynamism.

Lucio Fontana (1899–1968) is an Italian-Argentine artist, founder of spatialism, famous for his slashed canvases (Concetti spaziali) that open the pictorial work to the dimensions of space, gesture, and infinity.

Franz Kline (1910–1962) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, known for his monumental black and white compositions, where powerful calligraphic gestures convey energy, tension, and spontaneity.

Arshile Gorky (1904–1948) is an American-Armenian painter, a pivotal figure between surrealism and abstract expressionism, whose lyrical and organic work blends personal memory, biomorphic forms, and pictorial gesture.

Nicolas de Staël (1914–1955) is a Franco-Russian painter, a major figure of lyrical abstraction, known for his powerful compositions with thick color fields, situated between abstraction and figuration.

Fernand Léger (1881–1955) is a French avant-garde painter, close to cubism, known for his monumental style with tubular forms and bold colors, celebrating modernity, the machine, and urban life.

Clyfford Still (1904–1980) is an American painter, a major figure in abstract expressionism, known for his vast fields of color torn apart and his monumental compositions exploring tension, material, and the sublime.

Jean Arp (1886–1966) is a Franco-German artist, a figure of Dadaism and biomorphic abstraction, known for his organic and refined forms that celebrate chance, nature, and harmony.

Theo van Doesburg (1883–1931) is a Dutch artist, theorist, and architect, founder of the De Stijl movement, who played a key role in the development of geometric abstraction and modern art.

Josef Albers (1888–1976) is a German-American artist and theorist, a former member of the Bauhaus, famous for his research on color perception, particularly through the series Homage to the Square.

Hans Hofmann (1880–1966) is a German-American painter and educator, a key figure in abstract expressionism, known for his theory of push and pull and his dynamic use of color and pictorial space.

Ad Reinhardt (1913–1967) is an American painter of radical abstraction, known for his almost monochromatic paintings, particularly his Black Paintings, which push art towards formal purity and extreme contemplation.

El Lissitzky (1890–1941) is a Russian artist, architect, and theorist, a major figure of the Constructivist avant-garde, known for his geometric compositions Proun that connect painting, architecture, and design.

Alexander Rodchenko (1891–1956) is a Russian artist and designer, a central figure of constructivism, known for his geometric abstraction, innovative photography, and commitment to art serving modern society.

Lioubov Popova (1889–1924) is a major Russian avant-garde artist, associated with cubo-futurism and constructivism, known for her dynamic compositions where geometric shapes and colors express movement and modernity.

Natalia Gontcharova (1881–1962) is a Russian avant-garde artist, a figure of neo-primitivism and rayonism, whose bold work blends folk traditions, modernity, and abstract experimentation.

Mikhail Larionov (1881–1964) is a Russian avant-garde painter, co-founder of Rayonism, whose experimental work explores light, movement, and the abstract decomposition of forms.

Wols (1913–1951) is a Franco-German artist, a major figure of lyrical abstraction, known for his gestural and spontaneous works where lines, spots, and materials express a poetic and existential intensity.

Jean Fautrier (1898–1964) is a French painter and sculptor, a key figure in informal art, known for his Hostages and his works with thick material, where abstraction and figuration blend in a deeply expressive expression.

Sophie Taeuber-Arp (1889–1943) is a Swiss avant-garde artist, associated with Dadaism and geometric abstraction, known for her multidisciplinary work that combines painting, textiles, dance, and design in a quest for formal harmony.

Joaquín Torres-García (1874–1949) is a major Uruguayan artist of modern art, founder of universal constructivism, known for his structured compositions that blend symbols, geometry, and references to ancient cultures.

Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956) is a German-American painter and printmaker associated with the Bauhaus, known for his compositions with crystalline and geometric forms, where architecture, light, and abstraction combine in a poetic atmosphere.

Oskar Schlemmer (1888–1943) is a German Bauhaus artist, painter, sculptor, and choreographer, famous for his stylized and geometric figures, notably in the Triadic Ballet, exploring the relationship between body, space, and abstraction.

Umberto Boccioni (1882–1916) is a major Italian artist of Futurism, known for his dynamic paintings and sculptures that express the speed, movement, and energy of industrial modernity.

Luigi Russolo (1885–1947) is an Italian artist and composer of futurism, famous for his research on noise and sound, particularly through the intonarumori, which profoundly influenced modern art and experimental music.

Enrico Prampolini (1894–1956) is an Italian avant-garde artist, associated with futurism and abstraction, known for his research on dynamism, space, and the synthesis of the arts between painting, scenography, and design.

Otto Freundlich (1878–1943) is a German painter and sculptor, a pioneer of abstraction, whose work with geometric shapes and vibrant colors expresses a humanistic and spiritual ideal.

Willi Baumeister (1889–1955) is a German painter and theorist of abstraction, known for his compositions with symbolic and primitive forms, blending modernity, archetypes, and formal rigor.

Władysław Strzemiński (1893–1952) is a Polish avant-garde artist and theorist, founder of Unism, whose abstract work seeks total unity between form, color, and pictorial surface.

Varvara Stepanova (1894–1958) is a Russian artist and designer of constructivism, known for her radical research in painting, textiles, and graphic design, putting art at the service of everyday life and modern society.

Ivan Klioun (1873–1943) is a Russian avant-garde painter and theorist, close to Suprematism, known for his research on color, geometry, and abstract space.

Aleksandra Ekster (1882–1949) is a Russian-Ukrainian avant-garde artist, a figure of cubo-futurism and constructivism, known for her dynamic compositions and innovative work in scenography and design.

Gustav Klutsis (1895–1938) is a Latvian-Soviet artist of the constructivist avant-garde, famous for his photomontages of revolutionary propaganda and his innovative use of typography and imagery in the service of ideology.

Nikolai Suetin (1897–1954) is a Russian avant-garde artist, close to Kazimir Malevich, known for his suprematist work and for applying geometric abstraction to decorative arts and ceramics.

Ilya Chashnik (1902–1929) is a Russian avant-garde artist associated with Suprematism, known for his pure geometric compositions and his research on architecture and abstract space.

Patrick Henry Bruce (1881–1936) is an American avant-garde painter, close to orphism and cubism, known for his rigorous abstract compositions based on color, shape, and geometric balance.

Morgan Russell (1886–1953) is an American painter, co-founder of synchromism, whose abstract work explores color as a structural and expressive force, inspired by music and rhythm.

Olga Rozanova (1886–1918) is a Russian avant-garde artist, associated with futurism and suprematism, whose bold work explores pure color and the expressive freedom of abstraction.

Mikhail Matiushin (1861–1934) is a Russian avant-garde artist, musician, and theorist associated with futurism and suprematism, known for his research on perception, color, and the relationship between art and music.

Jean Metzinger (1883–1956) is a French painter and theorist of cubism, co-author of On Cubism, whose work explores the decomposition of form and the intellectual organization of pictorial space.

Albert Gleizes (1881–1953) is a French painter and theorist of Cubism, co-founder of the Section d’Or movement, known for his monumental compositions and his reflection on the structural principles of modern art.

Francis Picabia (1879–1953) is a French avant-garde artist, a figure of Dadaism and abstraction, known for his iconoclastic spirit and his protean work that blends painting, imaginary mechanics, and provocation.

Bradley Walker Tomlin (1899–1953) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, associated with color field, known for his delicate compositions of floating signs and chromatic fields with meditative rhythms.

František Kupka (1871–1957) is a Czech painter who became a naturalized French citizen, a pioneer of abstraction, whose work explores movement, rhythm, and color at the intersection of science, music, and spirituality.

László Moholy-Nagy (1895–1946) is a Hungarian artist and theorist of the Bauhaus, a pioneer of modern art, known for his experiments in abstraction, photography, typography, and design, exploring light, movement, and technology.

Vladimir Tatlin (1885–1953) is a Russian avant-garde artist and architect, a founding figure of constructivism, famous for his counter-reliefs and for the project of the Monument to the Third International, a symbol of art oriented towards society and modernity.

Auguste Herbin (1882–1960) is a French painter and a pioneer of geometric abstraction, founder of the Abstraction-Création group, whose rigorous work combines forms, colors, and symbolism in a quest for universal harmony.

Pavel Filonov (1883–1941) is a Russian avant-garde painter, founder of analytical art, whose dense and meticulous work explores the internal construction of forms and a spiritual and introspective vision of the world.

Kurt Schwitters (1887–1948) is a German artist associated with Dadaism, famous for his Merz, collages, and assemblages made from found materials, which push the boundaries between art, poetry, and everyday life.

Yves Tanguy (1900–1955) is a French surrealist painter, known for his dreamlike landscapes populated with strange biomorphic forms, creating mental spaces that are both poetic and unsettling.

Arthur Dove (1880–1946) is an American painter, a pioneer of abstraction in the United States, whose work is inspired by nature and translates its rhythms and forces through simplified forms and expressive colors.

Marsden Hartley (1877–1943) is an American modernist painter, close to abstraction and symbolism, known for his powerful compositions blending spirituality, landscapes, and bold forms.

Bart van der Leck (1876–1958) is a Dutch painter, a key figure in the transition to abstraction and the De Stijl movement, known for reducing figuration to geometric shapes and primary colors.

Rudolf Bauer (1889–1953) is a German-American painter, a pioneer of non-objective abstraction, close to Kandinsky, known for his dynamic compositions of shapes and colors aimed at pure spiritual expression.

Serge Poliakoff (1900–1969) is a Franco-Russian painter of lyrical abstraction, known for his compositions of interwoven fields of color, where color becomes the main vector of balance, tension, and harmony.

Alberto Magnelli (1888–1971) is an Italian painter of geometric abstraction, active in Paris, known for his rigorous compositions of angular shapes and subdued colors, linking historical avant-gardes and post-war modernity.

Pierre Soulages (1919–2022) is a major French painter of abstraction, famous for his work on black, particularly outrenoir, where light reflects on the material to create an intense visual and spiritual experience.

Hans Richter (1888–1976) is a German-American artist and filmmaker, a pioneer of abstract cinema and a figure of Dadaism, known for his experimental films exploring rhythm, movement, and the relationship between image and music.

Victor Servranckx (1897–1965) is a Belgian artist and a pioneer of geometric abstraction, close to constructivism, known for his rigorous compositions and his major role in the development of abstract art in Belgium.

William Baziotes (1912–1963) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, associated with lyrical abstraction and surrealism, known for his biomorphic forms and his poetic and mysterious atmospheres.

Adolph Gottlieb (1903–1974) is an American painter of abstract expressionism, known for his series Pictographs and Burst, where archaic symbols and fields of color express universal and emotional themes.

Mark Tobey (1890–1976) is an American painter, a pioneer of gestural abstraction, known for his white writing, a dense network of calligraphic signs inspired by Eastern philosophies and a spiritual quest.

Philip Guston (1913–1980) is an American painter, initially associated with abstract expressionism before returning to expressive figuration, known for his raw and introspective style that blends abstraction, narrative, and social critique.

Johannes Itten (1888–1967) is a Swiss painter, theorist, and educator of the Bauhaus, famous for his fundamental research on color and form, which profoundly influenced the teaching and practice of modern art.

Giacomo Balla (1871–1958) is a major Italian painter of Futurism, known for his research on movement, speed, and light, expressed through dynamic forms and a rhythmic decomposition of time and space.

Gino Severini (1883–1966) is an Italian painter of Futurism, then Cubism, known for his dynamic and rhythmic compositions that convey movement, dance, and modernity through the fragmentation of form and color.

Roger Bissière (1886–1964) is a French painter of lyrical abstraction, whose sensitive and structured work, marked by color and sign, lies between spirituality, nature, and formal construction.

Afro Basaldella (1912–1976) is an Italian painter of lyrical abstraction, associated with European abstract expressionism, known for his gestural and colorful compositions that combine spontaneity, rhythm, and poetic sense.

Camille Bryen (1907–1977) is a French painter and poet, a figure of lyrical abstraction and informal art, known for his spontaneous pictorial writing and his universe that is both organic, poetic, and experimental.

Jean Gorin (1899–1980) is a French painter and sculptor of geometric abstraction, close to De Stijl, known for his reliefs and constructive compositions based on the balance of shapes and colors.

Fritz Winter (1905–1976) is a German painter of abstraction, a former student of the Bauhaus, known for his organic and symbolic compositions where shapes and colors express a spiritual and poetic dimension.

Ernst Wilhelm Nay (1902–1968) is a German painter of abstraction, known for his rhythmic compositions of colored shapes, particularly his series of Discs, where color becomes an autonomous dynamic force.

Julius Bissier (1893–1965) is a German painter of lyrical abstraction, whose pure and meditative work is inspired by Asian calligraphy, zen, and a deep spiritual quest.

Camille Graeser (1892–1980) is a Swiss painter and designer of geometric abstraction, a member of the Allianz group, known for his rigorous compositions based on color, shape, and mathematical principles.

Lajos Kassák (1887–1967) is a Hungarian avant-garde poet, artist, and theorist, a figure of constructivism, known for his geometric compositions and his commitment to socially and politically engaged art.

Nadezhda Udaltsova (1886–1961) is a Russian avant-garde artist associated with cubo-futurism and suprematism, known for her dynamic compositions that explore structure, color, and abstraction.

Friedrich Vordemberge-Gildewart (1899–1962) is a German-Dutch painter and typographer of geometric abstraction, associated with De Stijl and constructivism, known for his rigorous compositions based on form, color, and space.

Otto Ritschl (1885–1976) is a German painter of abstraction, whose non-figurative work is distinguished by meditative and colorful compositions, seeking a spiritual and inner expression through pure form.

Stanton Macdonald-Wright (1890–1973) is an American painter, co-founder of synchromism, known for his abstract compositions where color is treated as an autonomous rhythmic and musical force.

Emilio Pettoruti (1892–1971) is an Argentine avant-garde painter, influenced by cubism and futurism, known for his structured and luminous compositions that played a key role in the modernization of art in Latin America.

Paul-Émile Borduas (1905–1960) is a Canadian painter, a major figure of lyrical abstraction and a leader of the Automatists, known for his spontaneous gesture and his crucial role in the modernization of art in Quebec.

Giuseppe Capogrossi (1900–1972) is an Italian painter of abstraction, known for his repetitive vocabulary of graphic signs, through which he develops an autonomous visual language between rhythm, structure, and writing.

Sándor Bortnyik (1893–1976) is a Hungarian avant-garde painter and graphic artist, close to constructivism and Bauhaus, known for his geometric compositions and his commitment to the modernization of art and design.

Georges Vantongerloo (1886–1965) is a Belgian painter and sculptor, founding member of De Stijl, known for his research on geometric abstraction, the relationship between art, science, and mathematics, and the harmony of forms and colors.

Vilmos Huszár (1884–1960) is a Hungarian artist, founding member of the De Stijl movement, known for his abstract compositions and his work in graphic design and scenography, combining geometric rigor and modernity.

Alma Thomas (1891–1978) is an American painter of abstraction, associated with color field, known for her vibrant compositions of colored strokes inspired by nature, light, and a communicative visual joy.

Janet Sobel (1893–1968) is an American painter and pioneer of gestural abstraction, known for her all-over works and painting projection techniques that preceded and influenced abstract expressionism.

Norman Lewis (1909–1979) was an American painter of abstract expressionism, known for his rhythmic and calligraphic compositions that combine gestural abstraction with social and political reflection.