Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) is an Italian genius of the Renaissance, both a painter, inventor, and scientist, famous for masterpieces like The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper and for his universal mind.

Rembrandt van Rijn (1606–1669) is a major Dutch painter and engraver of the Golden Age, famous for his portraits, biblical scenes, and exceptional mastery of light and human emotion.

Major painter of the Golden Age, he is renowned for his soft and luminous Virgins and his scenes imbued with tenderness.

As a figure of baroque classicism, he favored elegance, clarity, and idealization in his religious compositions.

Sandro Botticelli (1445–1510) is an Italian painter of the Florentine Renaissance, famous for his mythological and religious works imbued with linear grace and poetry, such as The Birth of Venus.

Pierre Paul Rubens (1577–1640) is a major Flemish Baroque painter, famous for his dynamic compositions, sense of movement, and opulent figures with vibrant colors.

Theorist of perspective, he created works of calm monumentality and luminous geometry.

Hieronymus Bosch (circa 1450–1516) is a visionary Flemish painter of the late Middle Ages, famous for his fantastic and moral scenes populated by strange and symbolic creatures.

Flower of international Gothic, it stood out for the refined elegance of its lines and the delicacy of its colors.

Major artist of Neapolitan tenebrism, he painted vigorous and dramatic religious figures inspired by Caravaggio's naturalism.

Franco-Flemish classical painter, he distinguished himself by the sobriety, precision, and spiritual depth of his portraits and religious compositions.

A major artist from the North, he developed a calm and rigorous style, characterized by sobriety and contemplative depth.

Painter with an introspective and inventive style, he created psychological portraits and original, expressive religious paintings.

Giotto di Bondone (circa 1267–1337) is an Italian painter and architect of the proto-Renaissance, considered the founder of modern painting for his naturalism and his break with medieval art.

Iconic figure of international Gothic, he distinguished himself by his sumptuous refinement and precious details.

Bolognese painter and goldsmith, he developed a harmonious and soft style with careful contours and clear colors.

Forerunner of mannerism, he was famous for his powerful bodies, his drama, and his mastery of anatomy.

Co-founder of the Pre-Raphaelites, he sought an intense spiritual truth through meticulous and symbolic realism.

Jan van Eyck (circa 1390–1441) is a Flemish primitive painter, a pioneer of oil painting, famous for his meticulous realism and exceptional mastery of detail and light.

Eustache Le Sueur (1616–1655) is a French classical painter of the 17th century, nicknamed the "French Raphael," known for his religious and mythological compositions imbued with clarity and harmony.

Cimabue (circa 1240–1302) is a Florentine painter of the Middle Ages, a major figure in the transition between Byzantine art and the Renaissance, and the presumed master of Giotto.

Theorist and painter of neoclassicism, he sought to rediscover the ideal purity of the ancient and Renaissance masters.

Antonello da Messina (circa 1430–1479) is an Italian Renaissance painter, famous for introducing and perfecting the oil painting technique in Italy and for his highly realistic portraits.

His slender and mystical art, particularly in his Madonnas, expresses a celestial and supernatural grace.

Versatile artist of the Golden Age, he combined mystical depth and delicacy in his paintings marked by great sensitivity.

Sevillian painter of the late Baroque, he excelled in dramatic visions and macabre themes filled with spirituality.

Bernardo Strozzi (1581–1644) is an Italian painter of the Genoese Baroque, famous for his vigorous and warm style that blends Caravaggesque naturalism with rich color.

Charles Le Brun (1619–1690) is a classical French painter, the first painter of Louis XIV, famous for his central role in the official art of the reign and for the artistic direction of Versailles.

Introspective and devout painter, he blended psychology and faith in his portraits and altarpieces.

Founder of Baroque classicism, he united realism and spirituality in his biblical frescoes and his Assumptions.

Gustave Doré (1832–1883) is a versatile French artist, famous as an illustrator of literary masterpieces and as a painter and engraver, recognized for his powerful imagination and dramatic sense.

Student of Rubens, he painted Christ and the saints with noble elegance and an internalized spirituality.

William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825–1905) is a major French academic painter, famous for the perfection of his drawing, his classical idealism, and his mythological and allegorical scenes.

Influenced by Caravaggio, he illuminated his religious works with the gentle light of faith.

A major painter of the German Renaissance, he was famous for his vivid portraits, his religious scenes of the Reformation, and his elegant style with sinuous lines.

Alexandre Ivanov (1806–1858) is a Russian neoclassical and romantic painter, famous for his large religious compositions, particularly The Appearance of Christ to the People.

Romantic painter of compassion, he translated the tenderness of Christ into works imbued with faith and humanity.

Forerunner of Italian Christian art, he gave humanity and emotion to the crucified Christ in his large painted crosses.

Son of Fra Filippo, he blended grace, emotion, and spiritual complexity in his religious works full of movement.

Disciple of Caravaggio, he dedicated his life to painting saints and miracles with dramatic intensity.

Cosmè Tura (circa 1430–1495) is an Italian painter of the Ferrarese Renaissance, a major figure of the Ferrara school, known for his expressive, angular, and intensely spiritual style.

Painter of the French Grand Century, he united classical power and fervor in his large compositions for churches.